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平理解好生意和护城河的重要指标。它不是随意卖高价的能力，而是因为产品差异化、用户信任和长期价值，让企业在合理范围内拥有不被价格战牵着走的能力。",22.5,{"title":150,"slug":151,"description":152,"category":132,"order":153,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"用户体验","yonghutiyan","段永平对用户体验的关注可以追溯到他做小霸王和步步高时期，那时他用\"消费者导向\"来表达类似的理念。2003年北大演讲中他说：\"对于企业来说，最重要的是产品，而产品又必须以消费者为导向，所以最终你要找准消...",23,{"title":155,"slug":156,"description":157,"category":132,"order":158,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"渠道","qudao","段永平对渠道的理解来源于他在步步高建立全国销售网络的实战经验。1999年在人民大学问答中，被问及步步高在管理上有什么特点时，他提到了\"地区唯一代理制\"的渠道管理模式。这是他最早公开谈论渠道策略的记录。",24,{"title":160,"slug":161,"description":162,"category":132,"order":163,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"平台","pingtai","段永平使用\"平台\"概念主要集中在分析苹果公司的商业模式时。最早出现在2011年他写的\"买入苹果思考\"中：",25,{"title":165,"slug":166,"description":167,"category":132,"order":168,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"生态系统","shengtaixitong","段永平使用\"生态系统\"这一概念主要是在分析苹果公司时。最早出现在2012年前后的投资问答中。当一位网友详细描述了苹果设备之间的联动体验（iPhone、iPad、Mac的无缝协作、App 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有充裕的",[833,865,82],{"href":866},"\u002Fxianjinliu","，所以每一次危机来的时候都是机会。",[808,869,870],{"start":30},[811,871,872],{},"投资早期企业的逻辑是什么？",[815,874,875,877],{},[818,876,820],{},"：我不投早期，只投上市企业。投黄峥是因为个人原因，他是我朋友，我了解他、相信他。黄峥是我知道的少见的很有悟性的人，他关注事物本质。",[808,879,880],{"start":35},[811,881,882],{},"谈一谈营销方法论？",[815,884,885,887],{},[818,886,820],{},"：（外界）有个误解，以为我们很看重营销。其实对于我们来说，营销一点儿都不重要，最重要的还是产品。没有哪家公司的失败，是因为营销失败。公司失败，本质都是因为产品的失败。当然我不是说不要营销，事实上我们营销做得很好。营销，就是用最简单的语言，把你想传播的信息传播出去（给你的用户）。",[815,889,890,891,894],{},"我这里是要强调，营销不是本质，本质是产品。营销最重要的，就是不能瞎说。",[833,892,129],{"href":893},"\u002Fqiyewenhua","最重要。广告最多只能影响20%的人，剩下80%是靠这20%影响的。营销不好，顶多就是卖得慢一点，但是只要产品好，不论营销好坏，20年后结果都一样。",[808,896,897],{"start":45},[811,898,899,900,903],{},"中国",[833,901,135],{"href":902},"\u002Fpinpai","在新兴市场国家有哪些机遇？",[815,905,906,908,909,912],{},[818,907,820],{},"：这个我不太懂，但我不觉得会有太大差别，都是要关注用户的需求。",[833,910,12],{"href":911},"\u002Fpingchangxin","，就是回到事物的本原。",[808,914,915],{"start":50},[811,916,917,920],{},[818,918,919],{},"巴菲特","饭局上发生了什么？",[815,922,923,925,926,928,929,931],{},[818,924,820],{},"：我做公益，老巴（",[818,927,919],{},"）也做公益。我直接捐出去，和通过老巴捐出去是一样的，所以就拍下了",[818,930,919],{},"午餐，只当做公益了，还能向老巴学习。不一定要吃饭，看老巴在网上的视频、讲话、股东信，就可以了。老巴（说）的东西，逻辑上很顺，听起来像音乐一样享受。",[808,933,934],{"start":56},[811,935,936,937,940],{},"现在手机（企业）有两种模式，一是小米这种先圈用户，再通过其他方式变现；二是",[818,938,939],{},"苹果","这样，靠产品本身赚钱。哪种好？",[815,942,943,945,946,948,949,952],{},[818,944,820],{},"：首先，圈客户的角度，",[818,947,939],{},"比小米厉害；其次，长远来看，没有什么企业是靠便宜赚钱的。性价比，都是给自己找借口。一定要把重心聚焦在用户上，也不是我们非要做高端还是低端，只是把自己能做的事情做好了，满足了一部分人群的需求。",[818,950,951],{},"即使","苹果，也没有满足所有人。",[815,954,955],{},"我们早年经常提性价比，直到我有一次跟一个中国通的日本人谈合作说到我们的产品性价比高时，对方很困惑地问道，什么是性价比，是“sex-price” ratio吗？我当时就愣了一下，觉得日本人的词典里似乎是没有性价比这个东西的，之后又花了很久才悟到，“性价比”实际上就是性能不够好的借口啊。我希望我们公司不会再在任何地方使用这个词了。",[808,957,958],{"start":62},[811,959,960],{},"未来的投资／创业趋势？",[815,962,963,965,966,968,969,971],{},[818,964,820],{},"：这个问题对我来说有点儿难。我个人不太关心前沿的东西，我一般比较滞后，看懂了好的公司再投。前沿的东西，是",[818,967,939],{},"这类公司关注的，我做的是找到",[818,970,939],{},"这样的公司。",[808,973,974],{"start":71},[811,975,976,977,979],{},"这么多手机公司，为什么",[818,978,939],{},"最成功？",[815,981,982,984,985,939,994,997],{},[818,983,820],{},"：苹果",[818,986,987,988,990,991,993],{},"很难得，focus（聚焦）在自己做的事情上。",[818,989,939],{},"有利润之上的追求，就是做最好的产品。",[818,992,939],{},"文化的强度很强，有严格的“Stop Doing List”，一定要满足用户，一定做最好的产品。我们不和",[818,995,996],{},"比，因为1000个功能里面，有一些比","苹果强，说明不了什么。就像CBA篮球打不过NBA，说我们会功夫，不是扯嘛。",[808,999,1000],{"start":80},[811,1001,1002],{},"社交方面的“Stop Doing List”，与投资的关系？",[815,1004,1005,1007],{},[818,1006,820],{},"：我是anti-social的，社交很累，很费时间。泛泛的社交里朋友太少，看起来认识很多人，其实很难深入了解。有时间我更喜欢去打打球。我投资只是爱好，average（平均）能beat （打败）S&P。",[808,1009,1010],{"start":89},[811,1011,1012,1013,1016],{},"为什么说“",[833,1014,42],{"href":1015},"\u002Fganweitianxiahou","，后中争先”？",[815,1018,1019,1021,1022,1024],{},[818,1020,820],{},"：所有的高手都是",[833,1023,42],{"href":1015},"的，只是做的比别人更好。我们公司成功不是偶然的， 坚持自己的“Stop Doing List”，筛合伙人，筛供货商，慢慢地就会攒下好圈子，长期来看很有价值。",[815,1026,1027,1029,1030,1032,1033,1035,1036,1039,1040,1043],{},[833,1028,42],{"href":1015},"，指的是产品类别，是因为你猜市场的需求往往很难，但是别人已经把需求明确了，你去满足这个需求，就更确定。（",[833,1031,42],{"href":1015},"指的是产品类别，后中争先指的是做好产品的能力。或者说，",[833,1034,42],{"href":1015},"指的是“",[833,1037,17],{"href":1038},"\u002Fzuoduideshiqing","”，后中争先指的是“",[833,1041,22],{"href":1042},"\u002Fbashiqingzuodui","”的能力。）",[808,1045,1046],{"start":98},[811,1047,1048],{},"有没有过一些投资错误？",[815,1050,1051,1053,1054,1057,1058,1060,1061,1064],{},[818,1052,820],{},"：投资没犯过错误，",[833,1055,119],{"href":1056},"\u002Ftouji","犯过。（投资其实也犯过，但错误很小，当时可能没想起来。）",[833,1059,119],{"href":1056},"百度的时候被short squeeze（夹空）了，亏了1亿~2亿美金。我学老巴：想不通的我不碰，肯定会错失很多好机会，但是保证抓住的都是对的。投资遵循老巴的逻辑：先看",[833,1062,64],{"href":1063},"\u002Fshangyemoshi","，理解企业怎么挣钱。95%的人投资都是focus在市场上的，这就是不懂投资。一定要focus在生意上。公司是要挣钱的。",[808,1066,1067],{"start":107},[811,1068,1069,1070,1072],{},"什么时候卖",[818,1071,939],{},"，为什么？",[815,1074,1075,1077],{},[818,1076,820],{},"：好公司是不需要卖的！",[808,1079,1080],{"start":112},[811,1081,1082,1083,1086],{},"你来美国后，",[833,1084,27],{"href":1085},"\u002Fnengliquan","有什么提升？",[815,1088,1089,1091,1092,1094,1095,1097,1098,1100],{},[818,1090,820],{},"：",[833,1093,27],{"href":1085},"不是拿金箍棒在地上画个圈，说待在里面不要出去，外面有妖怪。",[833,1096,27],{"href":1085},"是：诚实对自己，知之为知之，不知为不知。有这样的态度，然后如果能看懂一个东西，那它就是在我",[833,1099,27],{"href":1085},"内，否则就不是。",[815,1102,1103,1105],{},[818,1104,939],{},"1万亿市值？我从来不关心这个，我只关心它赚钱的能力。买公司，是不打算卖的，除非它盈利能力改变，或者有更好的标的，自己很懂，价格又很低。",[808,1107,1108],{"start":117},[811,1109,1110],{},"怎么看待创业的“坚持了才有希望”和“Stop Doing List”？",[815,1112,1113,1115],{},[818,1114,820],{},"：“Stop Doing List”说的是做对的事，如果知道错了，马上要改。创业依然适用。（就是对的事情一定要坚持，错的事情一定要尽快改！）至于怎么做对，那是方法层面的，可以通过学习来解决。",[815,1117,1118],{},"要是不知对错，就是没有是非观，那这辈子很难有成就。是非观是要自己培养、坚持的，没有shortcut。比如抽烟，很多人不戒烟不是因为不知道它不好，而是抵抗不了短期诱惑。",[808,1120,1121],{"start":122},[811,1122,1123],{},"为什么不见媒体？",[815,1125,1126,1128,1129],{},[818,1127,820],{},"：不希望给公众留下我掌控公司的印象，抢了CEO的成就感。不抢他们的功劳，这很重要，因为事实上我本人已经10多年没有在一线了，",[818,1130,1131],{},"如果我还是CEO的话，公司很可能做不了这么好。",[815,1133,1134],{},"19.怎么看待中美市场环境对创业的差异？",[815,1136,1137,1139],{},[818,1138,820],{},"：美国环境更好一点。在中国做企业更辛苦，做完自己的事，还得做警察的事、消防的事、保安的事，麻烦......",[808,1141,1142],{"start":133},[811,1143,1144],{},"你主张不贷款，不用margin，错过了机会怎么办？",[815,1146,1147,1149],{},[818,1148,820],{},"：贷款和用margin，赚的时候快，赔的时候更快。常在河边走，哪能不湿鞋，湿一回鞋就湿一辈子，为什么要冒这个险呢？（有些机会总是要错过的，只要保证抓住的是对的，就足够了。）我们过去的大部分竞争对手都消失了，我们还健在，道理也许就在此。",[808,1151,1152],{"start":138},[811,1153,1154],{},"你怎么看待智能手机壳行业？",[815,1156,1157,1159],{},[818,1158,820],{},"：我不懂。但是我知道，好东西不需要推广，你看智能手机一出来，很快就普及开了。如果你的东西推出去没有很快抓住用户，肯定是不够好，一定要回来好好思考，想自己的问题。",[808,1161,1162],{"start":143},[811,1163,1164],{},"对职场新人职业发展的建议？",[815,1166,1167,1169,1170,1172],{},[818,1168,820],{},"：做好本职工作，不要跳来跳去。硅谷很多人喜欢跳槽，但是在",[818,1171,939],{},"干30年，比跳去大多数创业公司结果都要好。",[808,1174,1175],{"start":153},[811,1176,1177],{},"如何看待创业？",[815,1179,1180,1182],{},[818,1181,820],{},"：如果自己都不懂自己在做什么，要让投资人相信你是不可能的。黄峥有一点特别好，会不停地问这个是什么意思，这个是什么意思，关注问题本质。",[808,1184,1185],{"start":158},[811,1186,1187,1188,1190],{},"（什么是）",[833,1189,129],{"href":893},"？",[815,1192,1193,1091,1195,1197],{},[818,1194,820],{},[833,1196,129],{"href":893},"就是Mission、Vision和Core Values。“Mission”是为什么成立；“Vision”是我们要去哪里；“Core Values”是哪些事情是对的，哪些事情是不对的。",[815,1199,1200],{},"招人分合格的人和合适的人。合适是指文化匹配， 合格是指能力。价值观不match（匹配）的人，坚决不要。给公司制造麻烦的，往往是合格但不合适的人。一群合适的普通人在一起，同心合力也能干大事。",[808,1202,1203],{"start":163},[811,1204,1205],{},"怎么看待中国企业爱弯道超车？",[815,1207,1208,1210],{},[818,1209,820],{},"：Alaska有句话，shortcut is the fastest way to get lost（捷径是迷路的最快的办法。）不存在什么弯道超车的事情，关注本质最重要！不然即使超过去，也会被超回来。",[808,1212,1213],{"start":168},[811,1214,1215],{},"怎么判断股价便不便宜？",[815,1217,1218,1220],{},[818,1219,820],{},"：这是关注短期关注市场的人才会问的问题。我不考虑这个问题。我关注长期，看不懂的不碰。任何想市场，想时机的做法，可能都是错误的，我不看市场，我看生意。你说某只股票贵，how do you know？站在现在看10年前，估计什么都是贵的。你站在10年后看现在，能看懂而且便宜的公司，买就行了。",[808,1222,1223],{"start":173},[811,1224,1225],{},"怎么理解“Stop Doing List”？",[815,1227,1228,1230,1231,1233],{},[818,1229,820],{},"：主要讲的是",[833,1232,17],{"href":1038},"。它不是一个skill（技巧）或者formula（公式），而是思维方式：如果发现错了，就立刻停止，因为这个时候成本是最小的。我不能告诉你对错，怎么判断对错，要自己积累。",[815,1235,1236],{},"不该骗用户，不该骗投资人，每句话都是一个promise（承诺），这你应该是知道的。你去找投资，说没生意，没skill，什么都没有，那你去找你爸。你总得有点儿什么，才能见投资人吧。如果你自己都搞不清楚要做的事，让投资人怎么相信你？",[815,1238,1239,1240,1242,1243,1246,1247,1249,1250,1252],{},"至于怎么",[833,1241,22],{"href":1042},"，要花时间去培养skill sets（就是有学习曲线的意思，要允许犯错误）。坚持“Stop Doing List”，厉害是攒出来的。OPPO",[818,1244,1245],{},"跟","苹果比，我们在",[833,1248,17],{"href":1038},"上是一样的，但是在",[833,1251,22],{"href":1042},"上可能有些差距。但我们有积累。我们比大多数公司厉害。",[815,1254,1255],{},"“Stop Doing List”没有shortcut（捷径），要靠自己去积累，去攒，去体悟。stop doing就是发现错，就要停，时间长了就效果很明显。很多人放不下眼前的诱惑，30年后还在那儿。错了一定要停，要抵抗住短期的诱惑。",[808,1257,1258],{"start":178},[811,1259,1260],{},"在硅谷怎么更好地带娃？",[815,1262,1263,1265],{},[818,1264,820],{},"：最主要的，要给孩子安全感。怎么给？就是给quality time，就是高质量的陪伴，跟他们交朋友。高质量的陪伴，就是待在一起，把手机藏起来。",[815,1267,1268],{},"要无条件的爱。中国人容易有条件的爱，“你得了第一，爸爸很爱你啊”，这两句话绝对不能放一起说。中国人也爱到处夸孩子得了第一，这容易给孩子压力。孩子会想：我得第二你是不是就不爱我了？我带孩子，坚持尽量不对孩子说“NO”，除了大是大非，涉及边界的事，其他的都让孩子大胆地探索。",[808,1270,1271],{"start":183},[811,1272,1273],{},"怎么看待老巴？",[815,1275,1276,1278],{},[818,1277,820],{},"：老巴是一个很好的人。他是发自内心的的对人好对人诚恳。他很睿智，任何复杂的问题，他一两句话就说到本质了。他这么睿智这么成功又对人这么好，中国企业家里我基本没见过这样的，美国企业家里也极少。",[808,1280,1281],{"start":189},[811,1282,1283,1284,1190],{},"为什么卖",[818,1285,583],{},[815,1287,1288,1290,1291,1294],{},[818,1289,820],{},"：因为",[818,1292,1293],{},"丁磊","就是个大孩子，那么多钱放他手里不放心，虽然股价证明我可能卖错了。",[808,1296,1297],{"start":194},[811,1298,1299],{},"怎么看待特斯拉？",[815,1301,1302,1304,1305,1308,1309,1311],{},[818,1303,820],{},"：芒格说，马斯克是个被证明了的天才，他的IQ可能是190，但他自己认为他是250。但是run a company，you must be rational（经营一家公司，你必须要",[833,1306,216],{"href":1307},"\u002Flixing","！）。在我眼里，特斯拉是一家价值为零为zero的公司，迟早要完。他的culture（",[833,1310,129],{"href":893},"）很糟糕。",[808,1313,1314],{"start":199},[811,1315,1316],{},"如何建立长期友谊？",[815,1318,1319,1321],{},[818,1320,820],{},"：就是和人真诚打交道。我跟老巴学到的， 人一辈子最重要的是友谊。所以要对朋友宽容，要友善，要诚实。但他也没说要有很多朋友，能有一打好朋友就足够了。",[808,1323,1324],{"start":204},[811,1325,1326],{},"怎么把culture（文化）传承下去？",[815,1328,1329,1331],{},[818,1330,820],{},"：没有特别的秘诀，主要在于选择，找到同道中人。因为你是没有办法说服不相信你的人的。不相信你的人，你跟他说话的时候，他的眼神是飘的，你能看出来。然后就是年年讲，月月讲，天天讲，靠年头淘汰掉不合适的。",[808,1333,1334],{"start":209},[811,1335,1336],{},"怎么样选人，包括合伙人，员工？",[815,1338,1339,1341],{},[818,1340,820],{},"：一次就找对那是运气。主要是要有标准，该淘汰淘汰，该散伙散伙。知道错了，要有停止的勇气。越早停止，代价越小。",[808,1343,1344],{"start":214},[811,1345,1346],{},"你的“Stop Doing List”举个例子。",[815,1348,1349,1351,1352,1355],{},[818,1350,820],{},"：我想的都不是眼前的。我是学无线电的，但我没有干这个，因为这不是我爱干的事。当年研究生毕业时找的工作说你多少年能当处长，两年能分房子，鸡鸭鱼肉有得分。但是我没有兴趣。所以我离开了。后来去的佛山无线电八厂，当年这个只有几百人的公司招了100本科生，50个研究生。大家都不满意，很多人都想走。结果我离开两年后",[818,1353,1354],{},"小霸王","都做出来了，回去一看，那帮人都还在（只走了一个人）。",[815,1357,1358],{},"很多人说“我没有找到更好的机会”，其实是他们没有停止做不对的事情的勇气。所以stop doing的意思，就是发现错了就要马上停，不然两年后，可能还是待在那个不好的地方。我一直想的是长远的事情。很多人都是在眼前的利益上打转，他30年后还会在那儿打转。",[808,1360,1361],{"start":219},[811,1362,1363],{},"美国对中国的误解？",[815,1365,1366,1368],{},[818,1367,820],{},"：美国人对中国的理解整体不错。我支持political right(政治正确），因为如果你连政治都不正确，你怎么会正确？目前美国人选的总统是让我非常困惑的，但我相信最终都会好起来的。",[808,1370,1371],{"start":224},[811,1372,1373],{},"（价值）投资最重要的是什么？",[815,1375,1376,1378,1379,1382,1383,1385],{},[818,1377,820],{},"：right business，right people，right price。（对的生意，对的人，对的价钱。这是老巴说的。）对的生意说的就是",[818,1380,1381],{},"生意模式","，对的人指的就是",[833,1384,129],{"href":893},"。price没有那么重要，business和people最重要。culture跟founder（创始人）有很大关系。business model，就是赚钱的方式，这个是你必须自己去悟的，我没法儿告诉你。就像如果你不打高尔夫，我是无法告诉你它的乐趣的。",[808,1387,1389],{"start":1388},38,[811,1390,1391],{},"创业该怎么坚持？",[815,1393,1394,1396],{},[818,1395,820],{},"：我的理解很简单，如果你坚持不下来了，就坚持不下来了。你坚持下来的东西，肯定是你放不下的，到时候你自己会知道。",[808,1398,1400],{"start":1399},39,[811,1401,1402],{},"怎么看比特币／区块链？",[815,1404,1405,1407,1408,1410],{},[818,1406,820],{},"：我对不产生",[833,1409,82],{"href":866},"的东西，不感兴趣。区块链我不懂，不懂不看，不懂没法下重注。但是我看不懂，不代表你看不懂，你要投自己能看懂的。",[808,1412,1414],{"start":1413},40,[811,1415,1416,1417,1190],{},"怎么发现并保持",[833,1418,12],{"href":911},[815,1420,1421,1423,1424,1426,1427,1429,1430,1432,1433,1435],{},[818,1422,820],{},"：保持不难，因为它就在那儿（是内心已经有的东西）。不过，马云还说过一句话“平常人是很难有",[833,1425,12],{"href":911},"的，所以",[833,1428,12],{"href":911},"也是不",[833,1431,12],{"href":911},"！”发现嘛，靠吃亏。因为没有",[833,1434,12],{"href":911},"，一不rational就会栽跟头。",[808,1437,1439],{"start":1438},41,[811,1440,1441],{},"怎么找到喜欢做的事？",[815,1443,1444,1446],{},[818,1445,820],{},"：你如果总是待在自己不喜欢的地方，你可能永远都不会知道自己真正喜欢什么。所以发现错的事情，就要停。多去尝试，去寻找。做自己喜欢的事，就没有加班的概念了，因为你会想尽办法工作。",[808,1448,1450],{"start":1449},42,[811,1451,1452],{},"我觉得失败是必然的，成功是偶然的，对吗？",[815,1454,1455,1457],{},[818,1456,820],{},"：成功肯定是有原因的。",[808,1459,1461],{"start":1460},43,[811,1462,1463],{},"如果有机会再活一遍，什么事会做得不一样？",[815,1465,1466,1468],{},[818,1467,820],{},"：不知道，没这么想过这个问题。可能少喝点红酒？",[808,1470,1472],{"start":1471},44,[811,1473,1474],{},"最想给儿子说什么？",[815,1476,1477,1479],{},[818,1478,820],{},"：说什么都没有用，做什么才重要（最重要是做什么）。（这是老巴说的）",[808,1481,1483],{"start":1482},45,[811,1484,1485],{},"怎么发现对／不对的事情？",[815,1487,1488,1490,1491,1493],{},[818,1489,820],{},"：要有时间想。可能会想很久，有一天突然灵光一现，想明白是错的／对的。我们当年想",[818,1492,1354],{},"的广告词，想了半年才想顺词。很多人一天到晚忙，根本没时间想，可能永远都不会明白。",[808,1495,1497],{"start":1496},46,[811,1498,1499],{},"中国有没有大危机？",[815,1501,1502,1504],{},[818,1503,820],{},"：也有人微信上问我会不会有动荡啊之类的。我说我以为我们一直在动荡中呢。我觉得我们一直都有危机啊，有人危，有人机，做好自己就好了。",[808,1506,1508],{"start":1507},47,[811,1509,1510],{},"怎么看待贸易战？",[815,1512,1513,1515,1516,1518],{},[818,1514,820],{},"：你用10年看，这件事一定会过去。股市要真出了问题，",[818,1517,939],{},"那么多现金，一定更厉害啊，所以这个时候更应该买好公司。",[808,1520,1522],{"start":1521},48,[811,1523,1524],{},"你是怎么找到你们公司的产品的mission（使命）的？",[815,1526,1527,1529,1530,1532],{},[818,1528,820],{},"：产品角度，是慢慢摸索出来的，发现不对，赶紧停。比如",[818,1531,939],{},"的充电器，说了一年了，今年没推出来。没推出来，肯定是有问题没解决。没解决就不推。",[808,1534,1536],{"start":1535},49,[811,1537,1538],{},"男怕入错行。将来会火的、自己擅长的，自己喜欢的，选哪个？",[815,1540,1541,1543],{},[818,1542,820],{},"：如果你知道：会火的+擅长的+喜欢的，那肯定做那一行。问题是这很难知道，所以优先做自己喜欢的。钱多不是好事，因为挣钱是一个很大的乐趣，钱多你就失去了一个很重要的乐趣。钱差不多就可以了，做自己喜欢的事更重要。",[808,1545,1546],{"start":230},[811,1547,1548,1550],{},[818,1549,939],{},"手表心电图FDA认证有价值吗？",[815,1552,1553,1555],{},[818,1554,820],{},"：当然有啊，首先吸引眼球，让人知道啊；其次，有了认证，医生才会承认啊。",[808,1557,1559],{"start":1558},51,[811,1560,1561],{},"人机交互的下一个突破口？",[815,1563,1564,1566,1567,1569],{},[818,1565,820],{},"：我不知道。但是机器肯定越来越强，人已经在围棋上输了，做",[833,1568,119],{"href":1056},"你也打不过机器。但是在投资上，机器永远打不过人，因为机器看不懂公司。",[808,1571,1573],{"start":1572},52,[811,1574,1575,1576,1578],{},"怎么对待",[833,1577,140],{"href":835},"定价（给不同的客户不同的价格）？",[815,1580,1581,1583],{},[818,1582,820],{},"：价格不一致，一是他们迟早会发现；二是客户发现能议价，会想尽办法跟你讨价还价，浪费你很多时间，这都是麻烦事。价格一致，会省很多麻烦。做产品主要是要抓住客户的需求，而不是价格。可以看看空客的John Leahy。（一个人打败了波音啊！当然背后靠的还是产品！）",[808,1585,1587],{"start":1586},53,[811,1588,1589],{},"黄峥的什么（优势）让你投他？",[815,1591,1592,1594],{},[818,1593,820],{},"：我和黄峥10多年的朋友了，我了解他，我信任他！",{"title":1596,"searchDepth":15,"depth":15,"links":1597},"",[],"md",{},true,"\u002Fdao\u002Fspeeches\u002Fduanyongping-2018nian-sitanfu-daxue-53wen",{"title":378,"description":380},"2018年段永平斯坦福大学53问｜段永平投资问答录","dao\u002Fspeeches\u002Fduanyongping-2018nian-sitanfu-daxue-53wen","GtufvHpyEdJgEFMWOIb1OLQUzLK72YIhhl26-pWiW40","dao",[1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653],{"title":425,"slug":426,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":9,"order":428},{"title":432,"slug":433,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":15,"order":435},{"title":437,"slug":438,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":20,"order":440},{"title":442,"slug":443,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":25,"order":445},{"title":447,"slug":448,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":30,"order":450},{"title":452,"slug":453,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":35,"order":455},{"title":457,"slug":458,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":45,"order":460},{"title":462,"slug":463,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":50,"order":465},{"title":467,"slug":468,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":56,"order":470},{"title":472,"slug":473,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":62,"order":475},{"title":477,"slug":478,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":71,"order":480},{"title":482,"slug":483,"type":429,"volume":430,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":80,"order":485},{"title":487,"slug":488,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":9,"order":490},{"title":493,"slug":494,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":15,"order":496},{"title":498,"slug":499,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":20,"order":501},{"title":503,"slug":504,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":25,"order":506},{"title":508,"slug":509,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":30,"order":511},{"title":513,"slug":514,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":35,"order":516},{"title":518,"slug":519,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":45,"order":521},{"title":129,"slug":523,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":50,"order":525},{"title":527,"slug":528,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":56,"order":530},{"title":532,"slug":533,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":62,"order":535},{"title":537,"slug":538,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":71,"order":540},{"title":542,"slug":543,"type":429,"volume":491,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":80,"order":545},{"title":547,"slug":548,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":9,"order":550},{"title":553,"slug":554,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":15,"order":556},{"title":558,"slug":559,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":20,"order":561},{"title":563,"slug":564,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":25,"order":566},{"title":568,"slug":569,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":30,"order":571},{"title":573,"slug":574,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":35,"order":576},{"title":578,"slug":579,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":45,"order":581},{"title":583,"slug":584,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":50,"order":586},{"title":588,"slug":589,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":56,"order":591},{"title":593,"slug":594,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":62,"order":596},{"title":598,"slug":599,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":71,"order":601},{"title":603,"slug":604,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":80,"order":606},{"title":608,"slug":609,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":89,"order":611},{"title":613,"slug":614,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":98,"order":616},{"title":618,"slug":619,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":107,"order":621},{"title":623,"slug":624,"type":429,"volume":551,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":112,"order":626},{"title":628,"slug":629,"type":429,"volume":632,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":9,"order":631},{"title":634,"slug":635,"type":429,"volume":632,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":15,"order":637},{"title":639,"slug":640,"type":429,"volume":632,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":20,"order":642},{"title":644,"slug":645,"type":429,"volume":632,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":25,"order":647},{"title":649,"slug":650,"type":429,"volume":632,"volumeOrder"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